The De Soto chronicles : the expedition of Hernando de Soto to North America in 1539-1543

Título:

Autor:

Clayton, Lawrence A.

Knight, Vernon J.

Moore, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1917-1993.

Jay I. Kislak Reference Collection (Library of Congress)

ISBN:

9780817305932

9780817308247

Información de publicación:

University of Alabama Press,

Descripción física:

2 volumes : illustrations, maps ; 25 cm

Síntesis:

De Soto and his expedition of over 600 men spent four years (1539-43) traveling through what is now Florida, Georgia, Alabama, North and South Carolina, Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas. He discovered the Mississippi River, died of a fever, and was buried near the river. These documents are the only detailed eyewitness records of the most advanced native civilization in North America - a culture that vanished in the wake of European contact.

Contenido:

Introduction: the DeSoto expedition, a cultural crossroads / Paul E. Hoffman -- The account by a gentleman from Elvas / James Alexander Robertson ; w/John H. Hann -- Relation of the island of Florida / Luys Hernández de Biedma ; tr. by John E. Worth w/ Charles Hudson -- Account of the northern conquest and discovery of Hernando de Soto / Rodrigo Rangel -- The Cañete fragment: another narrative of Hernando de Soto / Eugene Lyon -- Parallel itinerary of the expedition / John R. Swanton -- Narratives of the career of Hernando de Soto in the conquest of Florida / Buckingham Smith -- El Adelantado Don Hernando de Soto / Rocío Sánchez Rubio -- Hernando de Soto: a brief biography / Paul E. Hoffman

Some new translations of De Soto documents from the general archive of the Indies, Seville / David Bost -- Indian proper names in the four narratives / John R. Swanton -- Indian proper names in the four narratives / John R. Swanton -- Introduction to bibliography of De Soto studies ; Bibliography of De Soto studies / Jeffrey P. Brain, Charles R. Ewen. v. 2. Garcilaso de la Vega, the Inca / Frances G. Crowley -- La Florida / Garcilaso de la Vega, the Inca / Charmion Shelby. Appendix. Genealogy of Garcí Pérez De Vargas / Garcilaso de la Vega.

Autor añadido:

Clayton, Lawrence A.

Knight, Vernon J.

Moore, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1917-1993.

Autor corporativo añadido:

Jay I. Kislak Reference Collection (Library of Congress)

Fecha de publicación:

1993

Término geográfico:

Southern States -- Discovery and exploration -- Spanish -- Sources.

Southern States

États-Unis (sud) -- Découverte et exploration espagnoles -- Sources.

Amérique -- Découverte et exploration espagnoles -- Sources.

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Biblioteca	Tipo de material	Signatura	Estado
Búsqueda… Archives and History	Reference book	FLORIDA 970.016 CLAYTON V.1	Búsqueda… Desconocido
Búsqueda… Archives and History	Reference book	FLORIDA 970.016 CLAYTON V.2	Búsqueda… Desconocido

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Resumen

These documents, available here in a two volume set, are the only detailed eyewitness records of the most advanced native civilization in North America--the Mississippian culture--a culture that vanished in the wake of European contact.

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A rich, readable contribution to De Soto studies that commemorates the 450th anniversary of the ill-fated explorer's odyssey through the present southeastern US and Texas. These translations of the four primary accounts of the venture, with new notes and introductions, make valuable historical and ethnographical information easily available and accessible to both scholars and general readers. The accounts are by A Gentleman from Elvas, Luys Hern'andez de Biedma, Rodrigo Rangel, and Garcilaso de la Vega. The translation of Hern'andez de Biedma is new and that of Garcilaso de la Vega, which occupies nearly all of volume 2, has not been published previously. Translated documents related to De Soto include his will, the royal contract to undertake the conquest of Florida, and a list of his assets following his death. A brief biographical sketch of De Soto by historian Paul E. Hoffman dispels the myth that De Soto was a uniquely humane conquistador, while another sketch by Roc'io S'anchez Rubio provides an introduction to the nature of the conquistadors. All academic libraries and larger pulic libraries should purchase this exceptionally valuable compilation. M. A. Burkholder; University of Missouri--St Louis

Extractos

Chapter One WHICH DECLARES WHO DON HERNANDO DE SOTO WAS, AND HOW HE OBTAINED THE GOVERNMENT OF FLORIDA. Captain Soto was the son of an esquire of Jeréz de Badajóz. He went to the Indies of Castile when Pedrárias Dávila was governor of the Indies of the Ocean Sea. There he found himself with nothing else his own except his sword and shield. Because of his good qualities and courage, Pedrárias made him captain of a troop of horse, and by his order he went with Hernando Pizarro to conquer Peru. There, according to the report of many creditable persons who were there, he distinguished himself over the other captains and principal persons, both at the seizure of Atabalipa, lord of Peru, and in making the entrance into the city of Cuzco, and in all other places where they encountered resistance, and where he happened to be. For that reason, aside from his part in the treasure of Atabalipa, he got good repartimiento, from which in time he collected one hundred and eighty thousand cruzados, which he took to Spain, with what fell to him as his share. Of this, the emperor took [by loan] a certain part which was repaid to him [Soto] by six hundred thousand reales with interest in the silks of Granada, while all the rest was delivered to him at the casa de contratación in Seville. He employed servants, including a majordomo, grand master of ceremonies, pages, equerry, chamberlain, footmen, and all the other servants requisite for an establishment of a gentleman. From Seville, he went to court, and at court was accompanied by Juan de Añasco, of Seville, Luis Moscoso de Alvarado, Nuño de Tobar, and Juan Rodriguez Lobillo. With the exception of Juan de Añasco, all the others had come with him from Peru; and each brought fourteen or fifteen thousand cruzados. They all went well and expensively dressed; and Soto, although because of his cupidity he was not liberal, yet since that was the first time he had to appear at court, spent very liberally, and went about closely attended by those I have named and by his servants and many others who came to him at court. He married Doña Isabel de Bobadilla, daughter of Pedrárias Dávila, conde de Puñonrostro. The emperor rewarded him by making him governor of the island of Cuba and adelantado of Florida, with the title of marquis to a certain part of the lands he might conquer. Copyright © 1993 The University of Alabama Press. All rights reserved.

Tabla de contenido

Foreword
Garcilaso De La Vega, the Inca	p. 1
To the Most Excellent SeÑor Don Theodosio of Portugal: Duke of Braganza and of Barcelos, Etc	p. 51
Preface to the Reader	p. 53
I Hernando De Soto Asks of the Emperor Charles V the Conquest of La Florida. His Majesty Grants It to Him	p. 61
II Description of La Florida, and Who Was the First Discoverer of It, and the Second, and Third	p. 63
III Concerning Other Discoverers Who Have Gone to La Florida	p. 65
IV Concerning Still Others Who Have Made the Same Journey to La Florida, and Concerning the Customs and Usual Arms of Its Natives	p. 67
V The Provisions of the Conquest Are Published in Spain, and the Great Preparations That Are Made for It	p. 71
VI Of the Number of Men and Captains Who Embarked for La Florida	p. 72
VII What Happened to the Fleet on the First Night of Its Voyage	p. 75
VIII The Fleet Arrives at Santiago De Cuba, and What Happened to the Flagship at the Entrance of the Port	p. 77
IX Naval Battle Between Two Ships Within the Harbor of Santiago De Cuba, Which Lasted Four Days	p. 80
X The Naval Battle Continues Its Course, Until It is Finished	p. 82
XI Of the Celebrations They Held for the Governor in Santiago De Cuba	p. 84
XII The Provisions the Governor Obtained in Santiago De Cuba, and a Notable Case Concerning the Natives of Those Islands	p. 86
XIII The Governor Goes to La Havana, and the Preparations He Makes There for His Conquest	p. 89
XIV A Ship Arrives at La Havana in Which Comes HernÁn Ponce, Companion of the Governor	p. 91
XV The Things That Passed Between HernÁn Ponce De LeÓn and Hernando De Soto, and How the Governor Embarked for La Florida	p. 94
II Concerning the Tortures That a Cacique Inflicted Upon a Spaniard, His Slave	p. 102
III The Hard Life of the Captive Christian Continues, and How He Fled from His Master	p. 106
IV Of the Magnanimity of the Curaca or Cacique MucoÇo, to Whom the Captive Commended Himself	p. 108
V The Governor Sends for Juan Ortiz	p. 111
VI What Happened Between Juan Ortiz and the Spaniards Who Were Coming for Him	p. 113
VII The Celebration That the Whole Army Held for Juan Ortiz, and How MucoÇo Came to Visit the Governor	p. 116
VIII The Mother of MucoÇo Arrives, Very Anxious About Her Son	p. 119
IX Of the Preparations That Were Made for the Discovery, and How the Indians Captured a Spaniard	p. 121
X How the Discovery and Entry of the Spaniards into the Interior Country is Begun	p. 124
XI What Happened to the Lieutenant General on Going to Seize a Curaca	p. 128
XII The Report That Baltasar De Gallegos Sent of What He Had Discovered	p. 130
XIII They Fail Twice to Cross the Great Swamp, and the Governor Goes to Seek a Passage, and Finds It	p. 133
XIV What the Two Spaniards Experienced on Their Journey Until They Arrived at the Camp	p. 136
XV Thirty Lancers Go Out After the Governor with the Supply of Biscuits	p. 140
XVI The Insolent Reply of the Lord of the Province of Acuera	p. 143
XVII The Governor Arrives in the Province of Ocali, and What Took Place There	p. 145
XVIII Concerning Other Events That Took Place in the Province of Ocali	p. 149
XIX The Spaniards Build a Bridge and Cross the RÍo De Ocali, and Arrive at Ochile	p. 152
XX The Brother of the Curaca Ochile Comes on a Friendly Visit, and They Send Ambassadors to Vitachuco	p. 155
XXI Concerning the Arrogant and Presumptuous Reply of Vitachuco, and How His Brothers Go to Persuade Him to Peace	p. 157
XXII Vitachuco Comes Out Peacefully, Plots Treason Against the Spaniards, and Communicates It to the Interpreters	p. 160
XXIII Vitachuco Orders His Captains to Consummate the Treason, and Requests the Governor to Come Out and See His Men	p. 163
XXIV How They Took Vitachuco, and the Outbreak of the Battle That Occurred Between the Indians and the Spaniards	p. 166
XXV Of the Slow Surrender of the Conquered Indians, and the Constancy of Seven of Them	p. 169
XXVI What the Governor Discussed with the Three Indian Lords of Vassals and with the Curaca Vitachuco	p. 172
XXVII Where an Objection is Answered	p. 175
XXVIII Concerning the Reckless Action That Vitachuco Ordered for the Purpose of Killing the Spaniards, and That Caused His Own Death	p. 178
XXIX Of the Strange Battle the Captive Indians Had with Their Masters	p. 181
XXX The Governor Goes to Osachile. an Account of the Manner in Which the Indians of La Florida Establish Their Pueblos	p. 183
I The Spaniards Reach the Famous Province of Apalache, and the Resistance of Its Indians	p. 189
II The Spaniards Gain the Crossing of the Swamp, and the Much and Brave Fighting That Took Place There	p. 191
III Of the Continuous Fighting That Took Place Until the Arrival at the Chief Pueblo of Apalache	p. 194
IV Three Captains Go to Discover the Boundaries of Apalache, and the Report They Bring	p. 197
V Of the Hardships That Juan De AÑasco Experienced in Discovering the Seacoast	p. 199
VI Captain Juan De AÑasco Reaches the Bay of Aute, and What He Found There	p. 201
VII Thirty Lancers Are Made Ready to Return to the Bay of Espiritu Santo	p. 204
VIII What the Thirty Horsemen Did Until Their Arrival at Vitachuco, and What They Found There	p. 206
IX The Journey of the Thirty Lancers Continues, Until Reaching the RÍo De Ochile [ocali]	p. 208
X The Governor Captures the Curaca of Apalache	p. 211
XI The Cacique of Apalache Goes by the Governor's Order to Reduce His Indians	p. 213
XII The Cacique of Apalache, Being Crippled, Escapes from the Spaniards on All Fours	p. 215
XIII The Events of the Journey of the Thirty Horsemen Until They Reached the Great Swamp	p. 218
XIV Of the Insupportable Hardships the Thirty Horsemen Experienced in Crossing the Great Swamp	p. 221
XV Which Recounts the Journey of the Thirty Horsemen Until They Arrived Within Half a League of the Pueblo of Hirrihigua	p. 223
XVI The Thirty Horsemen Reach the Place Where Captain Pedro CalderÓn Is, and How They Were Received	p. 226
XVII Of the Things That Captains Juan De AÑasco and Pedro CalderÓn Arranged, in Accordance with What the General Had Ordered Them	p. 229
XVIII Pedro CalderÓn Leaves with His Men, and the Events of His March Until Reaching the Great Swamp	p. 233
XIX Pedro CalderÓn Crosses the Great Swamp and Reaches That of Apalache	p. 236
XX Pedro CalderÓn Proceeds on His Way. the Continuous Fighting of the Enemy with Him	p. 239
XXI Pedro CalderÓn, with His Persistent Fighting, Arrives Where the Governor Is	p. 241
XXII Juan De AÑasco Reaches Apalache, and What the Governor Provided for Discovering a Port on the Coast	p. 243
XXIII The Governor Sends a Report of His Discovery to La Havana. the Story of the Temerity of an Indian	p. 245
XXIV Two Indians Offer to Guide the Spaniards Where They May Find Much Gold	p. 248
XXV Concerning Some Dangerous Feats of Arms That Took Place in Apalache, and the Fertility of That Province	p. 251
I The Governor Leaves Apalache, and a Battle Takes Place with Seven on Each Side	p. 257
II The Spaniards Reach Altapaha, and the Manner in Which They Were Entertained	p. 260
III Concerning the Province of Cofa and Its Cacique, and a Piece of Artillery That They Left in His Keeping	p. 263
IV It Deals with the Curaca Cofaqui, and of the Great Hospitality That He Showed the Spaniards in His Country	p. 266
V Patofa Promises His Curaca to Take Vengeance, and a Strange Thing That Happened to an Indian Guide is Told	p. 269
VI The Governor and His Army Are Very Confused at Seeing Themselves Lost in a Wilderness Without Food	p. 272
VII Four Captains Go to Explore the Country, and a Strange Punishment That Patofa Imposed Upon an Indian	p. 276
VIII Of a Particular Account of the Hunger the Spaniards Suffered, and of How They Found Food	p. 279
IX The Army Reaches the Place Where There Are Supplies. Patofa Returns to His House, and Juan De AÑasco Goes to Explore the Country	p. 281
X The Lady of Cofachiqui Comes Out to Talk with the Governor, and Offers Food and Passage for the Army	p. 284
XI The Army Crosses the Rio Cofachiqui and Lodges in the Pueblo, and They Send Juan De AÑasco After a Widow	p. 287
XII The Indian Ambassador Cuts His Throat, and Juan De AÑasco Proceeds on His March	p. 290
XIII Juan De AÑasco Returns to the Army Without the Widow, and the Facts Concerning the Gold and Silver of Cofachiqui	p. 293
XIV The Spaniards Visit the Burial Place of the Nobles of Cofachiqui, and That of the Curacas	p. 295
XV An Account of the Wonders Found in the Temple and Burial Place of the Lords of Cofachiqui	p. 298
XVI A Further Description of the Richness of the Burial Place, and the Depository of Arms That Was in It	p. 301
XVII The Army Leaves Cofachiqui in Two Divisions	p. 304
XVIII The Experiences That the Three Captains Had on Their Journey, and How the Army Reached Xuala	p. 308
XIX Where is Recounted Some of the Magnanimity of Spirit of the Lady of Cofachiqui	p. 313
XX What Happened to the Army Until It Reached Guaxule and Ychiaha	p. 315
XXI How They Took the Pearls Out of Their Shells, and the Report the Discoverers of the Gold Mines Brought	p. 318
XXII The Army Leaves Ychiaha and Enters Acoste and CoÇa, and the Hospitality That Was Accorded Them in These Provinces	p. 320
XXIII The Cacique CoÇa Offers His State to the Governor for an Establishment and Settlement, and How the Army Leaves That Province	p. 324
XXIV Concerning the Fearless Curaca TascaluÇa, Who Was Almost a Giant, and How He Received the Governor	p. 327
XXV The Governor Arrives at Mauvila and Finds Indications of Treason	p. 330
XXVI The Members of TascaluÇa's Council Determine to Kill the Spaniards. an Account of the Beginning of the Battle That Took Place	p. 334
XXVII Where Are Recounted the Events of the First Third of the Battle of Mauvila	p. 337
XXVIII Which Continues Through the Second Third of the Battle of Mauvila	p. 341
XXIX It Tells of the End of the Battle of Mauvila, and in What Bad Condition the Spaniards Were Left	p. 344
XXX The Efforts the Spaniards Made to Help Themselves, and Two Strange Events That Took Place During the Battle	p. 349
XXXI The Number of Indians Who Died in the Battle of Mauvila	p. 351
XXXII What the Spaniards Did After the Battle of Mauvila, and a Mutiny That Arose Among Them	p. 354
XXXIII The Governor Confirms the Mutiny, and Changes His Plans	p. 357
XXXIV Two Laws That the Indians of La Florida Observe Against Adulteresses	p. 359
XXXV The Spaniards Leave Mauvila and Enter ChicaÇa. They Build Pirogues for Crossing a Large River	p. 362
XXXVI Our Men Encamp in ChicaÇa. the Indians Give Them a Most Cruel and Unexpected Nocturnal Battle	p. 365
XXXVII The Battle of ChicaÇa Proceeds to Its End	p. 368
XXXVIII Remarkable Events That Took Place in the Battle of ChicaÇa	p. 371
Xxxix Concerning a Protection That a Spaniard Invented Against the Cold They Suffered in ChicaÇa	p. 375
I The Spaniards Leave the Camp of Chicacilla and Fight Against the Fort of Alibamo	p. 379
II The Battle of the Fort Proceeds to Its End	p. 381
III Many Spaniards Die for Lack of Salt, and How They Reach Chisca	p. 383
IV The Spaniards Return the Booty to the Curaca Chisca and Are Glad to Make Peace with Him	p. 386
V The Spaniards Leave Chisca and Build Boats for Crossing the RÍo Grande, and Arrive in Casquin	p. 389
VI A Solemn Procession of Indians and Spaniards is Formed to Adore the Cross	p. 391
VII Indians and Spaniards Go Against Capaha. the Site of His Pueblo is Described	p. 394
VIII The Casquines Sack the Pueblo and Burial Place of Capaha, and Go in Search of Him	p. 397
IX The Casquines Flee from the Battle, and Capaha Asks the Governor for Peace	p. 401
X The Governor Twice Upholds Casquin, and Reconciles the Two Curacas	p. 404
XI The Spaniards Send to Search for Salt and Gold Mines, and They Pass on to Quiguate	p. 407
XII The Army Reaches Colima, Finds a Method of Making Salt, and Passes to the Province of Tula	p. 409
XIII Concerning the Strange Ferocity of Spirit of the Tulas, and the Armed Encounters the Spaniards Had with Them	p. 412
XIV The Engagement of a Tula Indian with Three Spaniards on Foot and One on Horseback	p. 417
XV The Spaniards Leave Tula and Enter Utiangue, Where They Lodge for the Winter	p. 420
XVI Concerning the Good Winter That Was Spent in Utiangue, and a Plot Against the Spaniards	p. 423
I The Spaniards Enter Naguatex, and One of Them Remains There	p. 429
II The Efforts That Were Made to Recover Diego De GuzmÁn, His Response, and That of the Curaca	p. 432
III The Governor Leaves Guancane, Passes Through Seven Other Small Provinces, and Reaches That of Anilco	p. 435
IV The Spaniards Enter Guachoya. It is Told How the Indians Have Perpetual Warfare with One Another	p. 438
V How Guachoya Visits the General, and Both Go Back Against Anilco	p. 440
VI The Cruelties of the Guachoyas Continue, and How the Governor Plans to Ask for Help	p. 443
VII Wherein the Governor's Death is Recounted, and the Successor Whom He Named	p. 446
VIII Two Burials That They Gave the Adelantado Hernando De Soto	p. 448
I The Spaniards Decide to Abandon La Florida and to Leave It	p. 455
II Concerning Some Indian Superstitions of Both La Florida and El Perú, and How the Spaniards Arrived in Auche	p. 456
III The Spaniards Kill the Guide. a Particular Exploit of an Indian is Told	p. 459
IV Two Indians Let It Be Understood That They Challenge the Spaniards to Single Combat	p. 462
V The Spaniards Go Back in Search of the Rio Grande, and the Hardships That They Experienced on the Road	p. 465
VI The Insupportable Hardships That the Spaniards Suffered Before They Reached the RÍo Grande	p. 469
VII The Indians Abandon Two Pueblos, Where the Spaniards Establish Themselves for the Winter	p. 472
VIII Two Curacas Come in Peace. the Spaniards Set About Building Seven Brigantines	p. 475
IX Ten Curacas Form a League Against the Spaniards, and the Apu Anilco Warns Them of It	p. 478
X Guachoya Speaks Ill of Anilco in the Governor's Presence, and Anilco Replies to Him, Challenging Him to Single Combat	p. 481
XI The Spaniards Wound an Indian Spy, and the Complaint That the Curacas Made About It	p. 485
XII The Activity of the Spaniards in Building the Brigantines, and a Most Remarkable Flood on the Rio Grande	p. 487
XIII They Send a Spanish Captain to the Curaca Anilco for Assistance in Finishing the Brigantines	p. 490
XIV Events That Took Place During the Rising and Receding of the Rio Grande, and the Warning That Anilco Gave of the League	p. 494
XV The Punishment That Was Given to the Ambassadors of the League and the Activities of the Spaniards Until They Embarked	p. 496
I They Choose Captains for Their Caravels, and the Spaniards Embark on Their Voyage	p. 503
II Different Kinds of Rafts That the Indians Made for Crossing Rivers	p. 504
III The Size of the Canoes and the Ostentation and Order the Indians Observed with Them	p. 507
IV The Manner in Which the Indians Fought the Spaniards While Descending the River	p. 509
V What Happened on the Eleventh Day of the Spaniards' Navigation	p. 511
VI The Indians Almost Capture a Caravel, and the Mad Action of a Reckless Spaniard	p. 512
VII The Indians Kill Forty-Eight Spaniards Because of the Imprudence of One of Them	p. 515
VIII The Indians Return to Their Homes and the Spaniards Navigate Until They Come in Sight of the Sea	p. 518
IX The Number of Leagues That the Spaniards Penetrated into the Interior	p. 520
X Concerning a Battle That the Spaniards Fought with the Indians of the Coast	p. 523
XI The Spaniards Set Sail, and the Incidents of the First Twenty-Three Days of Their Navigation	p. 525
XII The Navigation Continues to Its Fifty-Third Day, and a Storm That Overtook Them	p. 528
XIII A Severe Storm That the Two Caravels Passed Through, and How They Were Cast Ashore	p. 530
XIV What the Captains and Soldiers of the Two Caravels Ordered	p. 532
XV What Happened to the Three Exploring Captains	p. 535
XVI The Spaniards Learn That They Are in the Territory of Mexico	p. 537
XVII The Spaniards Are Reunited in PÁnuco. Bitter Quarrels Arise Among Them, and the Reasons for These	p. 539
XVIII How the Spaniards Went to MÉxico, and the Warm Welcome That Famous City Gave Them	p. 542
XIX They Give an Account to the Viceroy of the Most Notable Things That Occurred in La Florida	p. 546
XX Our Spaniards Are Scattered Through Various Parts of the World. the Efforts of GÓmez Arias and Diego Maldonado to Obtain News of Hernando De Soto	p. 549
XXI The Peregrination of GÓmez Arias and Diego Maldonado Continues	p. 552
XXII The Number of Christians, Seculars and Religious, Who Have Died in La Florida Down to the Year 1568	p. 555
Appendix: Genealogy of GarcÍ PÉrez De Vargas by His Descendant Garcilaso De La Vega, Called the Inca	p. 561
Genealogy of GarcÍ PÉrez De Vargas	p. 563
Index	p. 577

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